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Chronic Epstein Barr Virus
 
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Beth
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 Wed Sep 5th, 2007 03:42 pm
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http://www.well-net.com/prevent/cebv1.html


Chronic Epstein-Barr Virus (CEBV) Disease


One of the most controversial areas in medicine today is the issue of Epstein-Barr Virus Disease. While some medical doctors and researches believe that Chronic Epstein-Barr Virus Disease (CEBV) not only exists but is at epidemic proportions here in the U.S. others believe and are adamant that CEBV is just a hoax, a fad, "the disease of the month," an excuse to rationalize fatigue and depression. Large numbers on non-medical "sufferers" of CEBV, however, are coming forward to tell their stories of the problems that they have been suffering, some for years. With or without a name for it, they see their symptoms fitting those that are most frequently used to define CEBV.

Those experts who believe in CEBV, often claim that both children and adults may suffer for many years, from one or more combinations of often debilitating symptoms which can include:
Fever, fatigue, sore throat, swollen glands, joint pains, ear and muscle aches, breathing pains, heat, cold and light sensitivity, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, chills, stomach pain weight loss, rashes, sleep problems, dizziness, hair loss, night sweats, alcohol intolerance, bladder dysfunction, lack of physical or speech coordination, swelling of eyelids or hands and fingers, odd sensations in the nerves or skin, confusion, inability, to concentrate, impaired reasoning, memory loss, depression, anxiety and mood swings.

These experts suggest that often individuals who seek medical attention are missed diagnosed with conditions ranging from multiple sclerosis to lupus, to psychosomatic problems and even hypochondria. Often patients come to doctors with long lists of symptoms, symptoms having long durations and often significant severity. The physician may not even think about CEBV. Most doctors are taught that "mononucleosis" is that of a short term, non-reoccurring illness. CEBV infection, they say, is different from mononucleosis, it is a separate disease entity own. Some people who later develop CEBV have had full blown "mono" initially, while others have much milder symptoms with their initial infection.
EBV is believed to be one of the most common viruses affecting humans. It is a member of the herpes virus' family and infects the antibody-producing white blood cells known as B-cells. It remains in these cells in latent form long after the body's natural defenses have brought the infection under control. The initial episode, and type and degree of the symptoms, often differ from person to person. They frequently depend on age, sex and the state of the immune system at the time of the first exposure. Reactivation may occur at times when the immune system is "less effective" than normal in otherwise healthy people, those individuals on immunosuppressive drugs or during pregnancy. There is some evidence of a hereditary basis. There appears to be a relationship to some form of allergy. Eighty-five percent of patients with CEBV have active allergy problems, often these allergies appear to increase CEBV symptoms during high allergy periods. There is some connection to systemic monilia infection. The interrelationship to allergy and monilia are still unclear.


Is CEBV Dangerous?
Generally speaking the answer to this question is, No. There have been few deaths that have been directly related to complications of CEBV. There is question about association with certain lymphomas and other cancers but no direct evidence of relationship. The major problem is the degree of the effect of the symptoms on the infected person. I have personally known one individual that committed suicide because of the severity of the symptoms. Many others may have to make major changes in their lives and in their life plans.


How Can I Tell If I Have CEBV?
Many people that are infected with EBV have little or no symptoms. It has been estimated that some 70% or more Americans have been exposed to EBV. Others develop mononucleosis ("mono") which goes away in a short time. CEBV is different from mono because its symptoms (described above) can linger a very long time, coming and going due to some unknown stimulant. Women are generally twice as often affected as compared to men. However, both men and women share the same severity of symptoms. If you, or a member of your family, have some or any of the above symptoms, especially the fatigue, loss of ability to function, fevers, unknown abdominal pain or joint pains you might suspect CEBV. Once CEBV is suspected, a blood EBV antibody titer should be performed. It is through the complex of symptoms determined on the medical history, the findings of the medical examination and the blood antibody titer levels that ultimately lead to this diagnosis. The blood levels of antibodies may need to be checked more then once in order to accurately make a diagnoses. A change in the blood titer levels demonstrates active infection or recurrence of CEBV infection.


Is the Disease Contagious?
The answer is yes and no. EBV is a common virus and is spread through oral (kissing, sharing of eating and drinking utensils, etc.) and possibly through sexual contact yet everyone exposed to it does not end up getting it. As stated above the state of the immune system of the individual exposed to it is very important. It is less likely to take hold and infect an otherwise healthy, emotionally stable individual. There is no indication that relatives become infected in normal living situations.


How is CEBV Treated?
There is no specific treatment for CEBV. Individual symptoms must be treated symptomatically. The most promising method of treatment appears to be activating the immune system. This is done through a series of indirect methods such as; diet, high dosage vitamins and minerals, rest, exercise, affirmations, visual imagery and positive thinking. There are no prescription medications that are antiviral of proven or suspected value. Immune Support Intravenous Drip Therapy (high dosages of vitamins and minerals given two to three times weekly intravenously) while still in research mode has shown promise. When necessary prescription or natural products used to reduce inflammation, obtain analgesia, help with sleep, reduce anxiety or depression may be helpful or even necessary.

Unfortunately most often, nothing seems to help. Patients and faith are most important in waiting for the particular episode to remit. While we don't talk about a cure we often see that after some period of time (weeks to years) the disease appears to burn itself out and the symptoms either gradually or suddenly disappear. The hard part is often waiting and having patience until this happens. The most difficult part of CEBV is living with its effects on the life of the individual.


Does CEBV Really Exist?
While many people do believe that CEBV is a real disease entity others believe that it is not. In fact, many physicians believe that CEBV doesn't exist. Some physicians believe that it occurs as a secondary problem to chronic yeast infection. Still others believe that Epstein-Barr virus does not cause the problems listed above but rather, that it is secondary to another process entirely. I, myself believe that the primary process is a kind of depression, wherein the immune system is depressed along with other biologic processes of the body.
In this conceptualization the cause of the symptoms is the kind of depression where faulty beliefs, lies, guilt and shame have been suppressed for many years. When this happens the body/mind does not allow these conflicts into our conscious awareness. This causes a constant state of stress, Fight or Flight, which over a long period of time undermines the immune system and leaves the body vulnerable to infection, especially yeast and CEBV. This process while regulated through the stress mechanism is in itself not part of the stress mechanism, but rather an affect of its overwhelm and long term over stimulation. In order to cure this process, the depression must be tackled and resolved. In this sense Chronic Fatigue Syndrome is one of a long list of conditions known as Stress-Related Disorders.


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 Posted: Wed Sep 5th, 2007 03:43 pm
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http://www.cfs-news.org/faq.htm

Subject: 1.01 What is CFS?
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is an emerging illness characterized by debilitating fatigue (experienced as exhaustion and extremely poor stamina), neurological problems, and a variety of flu-like symptoms. The illness is also known as chronic fatigue immune dysfunction syndrome (CFIDS), and outside of the USA is usually known as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME). In the past the syndrome has been known as chronic Epstein-Barr virus (CEBV).
The core symptoms include excessive fatigue, general pain, mental fogginess, and often gastro-intestinal problems. Many other symptoms will also be present, however they will typically be different among different patients. These include: fatigue following stressful activities; headaches; sore throat; sleep disorder; abnormal temperature; and others.
The degree of severity can differ widely among patients, and will also vary over time for the same patient. Severity can vary between getting unusually fatigued following stressful events, to being totally bedridden and completely disabled. The symptoms will tend to wax and wane over time. This variation, in addition to the fact that the cause of the disease is not yet known, makes this illness difficult to diagnose.




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 Wed Sep 5th, 2007 03:44 pm
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Chronic Epstein-Barr Virus Foundation



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 Posted: Wed Sep 5th, 2007 03:44 pm
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http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/ebv.htm

 

 

 

National Center for Infectious Diseases

 

 

DISEASE INFORMATION

 

Epstein-Barr virus, frequently referred to as EBV, is a member of the herpesvirus family and one of the most common human viruses. The virus occurs worldwide, and most people become infected with EBV sometime during their lives. In the United States, as many as 95% of adults between 35 and 40 years of age have been infected. Infants become susceptible to EBV as soon as maternal antibody protection (present at birth) disappears. Many children become infected with EBV, and these infections usually cause no symptoms or are indistinguishable from the other mild, brief illnesses of childhood. In the United States and in other developed countries, many persons are not infected with EBV in their childhood years. When infection with EBV occurs during adolescence or young adulthood, it causes infectious mononucleosis 35% to 50% of the time.

 

Symptoms of infectious mononucleosis are fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph glands. Sometimes, a swollen spleen or liver involvement may develop. Heart problems or involvement of the central nervous system occurs only rarely, and infectious mononucleosis is almost never fatal. There are no known associations between active EBV infection and problems during pregnancy, such as miscarriages or birth defects. Although the symptoms of infectious mononucleosis usually resolve in 1 or 2 months, EBV remains dormant or latent in a few cells in the throat and blood for the rest of the person's life. Periodically, the virus can reactivate and is commonly found in the saliva of infected persons. This reactivation usually occurs without symptoms of illness.

 

EBV also establishes a lifelong dormant infection in some cells of the body's immune system. A late event in a very few carriers of this virus is the emergence of Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, two rare cancers that are not normally found in the United States. EBV appears to play an important role in these malignancies, but is probably not the sole cause of disease.

 

Most individuals exposed to people with infectious mononucleosis have previously been infected with EBV and are not at risk for infectious mononucleosis. In addition, transmission of EBV requires intimate contact with the saliva (found in the mouth) of an infected person. Transmission of this virus through the air or blood does not normally occur. The incubation period, or the time from infection to appearance of symptoms, ranges from 4 to 6 weeks. Persons with infectious mononucleosis may be able to spread the infection to others for a period of weeks. However, no special precautions or isolation procedures are recommended, since the virus is also found frequently in the saliva of healthy people. In fact, many healthy people can carry and spread the virus intermittently for life. These people are usually the primary reservoir for person-to-person transmission. For this reason, transmission of the virus is almost impossible to prevent.

 

The clinical diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis is suggested on the basis of the symptoms of fever, sore throat, swollen lymph glands, and the age of the patient. Usually, laboratory tests are needed for confirmation. Serologic results for persons with infectious mononucleosis include an elevated white blood cell count, an increased percentage of certain atypical white blood cells, and a positive reaction to a "mono spot" test.

 

There is no specific treatment for infectious mononucleosis, other than treating the symptoms. No antiviral drugs or vaccines are available. Some physicians have prescribed a 5-day course of steroids to control the swelling of the throat and tonsils. The use of steroids has also been reported to decrease the overall length and severity of illness, but these reports have not been published.

 

It is important to note that symptoms related to infectious mononucleosis caused by EBV infection seldom last for more than 4 months. When such an illness lasts more than 6 months, it is frequently called chronic EBV infection. However, valid laboratory evidence for continued active EBV infection is seldom found in these patients. The illness should be investigated further to determine if it meets the criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome, or CFS. This process includes ruling out other causes of chronic illness or fatigue.

 

DIAGNOSIS OF EBV INFECTIONS

 

In most cases of infectious mononucleosis, the clinical diagnosis can be made from the characteristic triad of fever, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy lasting for 1 to 4 weeks. Serologic test results include a normal to moderately elevated white blood cell count, an increased total number of lymphocytes, greater than 10% atypical lymphocytes, and a positive reaction to a "mono spot" test. In patients with symptoms compatible with infectious mononucleosis, a positive Paul-Bunnell heterophile antibody test result is diagnostic, and no further testing is necessary. Moderate-to-high levels of heterophile antibodies are seen during the first month of illness and decrease rapidly after week 4. False-positive results may be found in a small number of patients, and false-negative results may be obtained in 10% to 15% of patients, primarily in children younger than 10 years of age. True outbreaks of infectious mononucleosis are extremely rare. A substantial number of pseudo-outbreaks have been linked to laboratory error, as reported in CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, vol. 40, no. 32, on August 16, 1991.

 

When "mono spot" or heterophile test results are negative, additional laboratory testing may be needed to differentiate EBV infections from a mononucleosis-like illness induced by cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, or Toxoplasma gondii. Direct detection of EBV in blood or lymphoid tissues is a research tool and is not available for routine diagnosis. Instead, serologic testing is the method of choice for diagnosing primary infection.

 

EBV-Specific Laboratory Tests Laboratory tests are not always foolproof. For various reasons, false-positive and false-negative results can occur for any test. However, the laboratory tests for EBV are for the most part accurate and specific. Because the antibody response in primary EBV infection appears to be quite rapid, in most cases testing paired acute- and convalescent-phase serum samples will not demonstrate a significant change in antibody level. Effective laboratory diagnosis can be made on a single acute-phase serum sample by testing for antibodies to several EBV-associated antigens simultaneously. In most cases, a distinction can be made as to whether a person is susceptible to EBV, has had a recent infection, has had infection in the past, or has a reactivated EBV infection.

 

Antibodies to several antigen complexes may be measured. These antigens are the viral capsid antigen, the early antigen, and the EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA). In addition, differentiation of immunoglobulin G and M subclasses to the viral capsid antigen can often be helpful for confirmation. When the "mono spot" test is negative, the optimal combination of EBV serologic testing consists of the antibody titration of four markers: IgM and IgG to the viral capsid antigen, IgM to the early antigen, and antibody to EBNA.

 

IgM to the viral capsid antigen appears early in infection and disappears within 4 to 6 weeks. IgG to the viral capsid antigen appears in the acute phase, peaks at 2 to 4 weeks after onset, declines slightly, and then persists for life. IgG to the early antigen appears in the acute phase and generally falls to undetectable levels after 3 to 6 months. In many people, detection of antibody to the early antigen is a sign of active infection, but 20% of healthy people may have this antibody for years.

 

Antibody to EBNA determined by the standard immunofluorescent test is not seen in the acute phase, but slowly appears 2 to 4 months after onset, and persists for life. This is not true for some EBNA enzyme immunoassays, which detect antibody within a few weeks of onset.

 

Finally, even when EBV antibody tests, such as the early antigen test, suggest that reactivated infection is present, this result does not necessarily indicate that a patient's current medical condition is caused by EBV infection. A number of healthy people with no symptoms have antibodies to the EBV early antigen for years after their initial EBV infection.

 

Therefore, interpretation of laboratory results is somewhat complex and should be left to physicians who are familiar with EBV testing and who have access to the entire clinical picture of a person. To determine if EBV infection is associated with a current illness, consult with an experienced physician.

 

Additional Information about EBV Antibody Tests and Interpretation Antibody tests for EBV can measure the presence and/or the concentration of at least six specific EBV antibodies. By evaluating the results of these different tests, the stage of EBV infection can be determined. However, these tests are expensive and not usually needed for the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis.

 

It is not appropriate for CDC to interpret test results or to handle counseling for the public. We suggest that questions be directed to a local physician who is familiar with the patient's history and laboratory test results. In addition, CDC cannot recommend specific physicians for referral. Our general recommendation is for patients to consult with an infectious disease specialist or their local or state public health department.

 

SUMMARY OF INTERPRETATION

 

The diagnosis of EBV infection is summarized as follows:

 

Susceptibility If antibodies to the viral capsid antigen are not detected, the patient is susceptible to EBV infection.

 

Primary Infection Primary EBV infection is indicated if IgM antibody to the viral capsid antigen is present and antibody to EBV nuclear antigen, or EBNA, is absent. A rising or high IgG antibody to the viral capsid antigen and negative antibody to EBNA after at least 4 weeks of illness is also strongly suggestive of primary infection. In addition, 80% of patients with active EBV infection produce antibody to early antigen.

 

Past Infection If antibodies to both the viral capsid antigen and EBNA are present, then past infection (from 4 to 6 months to years earlier) is indicated. Since 95% of adults have been infected with EBV, most adults will show antibodies to EBV from infection years earlier. High or elevated antibody levels may be present for years and are not diagnostic of recent infection.

 

Reactivation In the presence of antibodies to EBNA, an elevation of antibodies to early antigen suggests reactivation. However, when EBV antibody to the early antigen test is present, this result does not automatically indicate that a patient's current medical condition is caused by EBV. A number of healthy people with no symptoms have antibodies to the EBV early antigen for years after their initial EBV infection. Many times reactivation occurs subclinically.

 

Chronic EBV Infection Reliable laboratory evidence for continued active EBV infection is very seldom found in patients who have been ill for more than 4 months. When the illness lasts more than 6 months, it should be investigated to see if other causes of chronic illness or CFS are present.



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 Tue May 20th, 2008 07:52 pm
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MAN I got that when I was 15 (I am now 36) and it messed me up so bad...I had to quit school and retake my sophomore year! I had a relapse the next year but made it though school. I haven't had it full blast since then, but if I don't get enough rest, I get sick. I get the swollen glands and throat and have to sleep a lot. I feel bad for anyone who gets this as an adult. Do implants cause this, too? Yikes!

Beth
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 Posted: Wed May 21st, 2008 01:44 am
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YES, MANY OF US THAT HAVE IMPLANTS HAVE ALSO TESTED POSTIVE FOR THIS.  IT NORMALLY STAYS DORMANT IN MOST PEOPLE BUT IF YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM BECOMES COMPROMISED, IT COULD BECOME ACTIVE. 



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Suzy Q
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 Thu Feb 25th, 2010 12:18 am
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Hi Terri,
Do you mind if I ask you how your explant went??? Did u do a lift?? What kind?
I am new to this site
Take care, Suzy

Jenny22
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 Posted: Thu Mar 18th, 2010 01:37 pm
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Hi everybody, past several days I have been really sick. I’m not sure what this could be, and I have managed to get an appointment tomorrow with my doctor.  I really can’t stand it anymore. I have diarrhea and fever. Also I have this pressure on my left side and I feel bloated.
Now when i read all this about mono, I think it might be that....
Does anybody know what this could be? If this is spleen problem, then I'm really scared because my mother had also problems with her spleen. :(

Jenny22
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 Wed Mar 24th, 2010 01:50 pm
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Today I have been feeling a little better but I still my left side is giving me problems. Doctor has finally told me that I have spleen problems. He said that my spleen is enlarged. I would never thought of this one. He said he will do some more test just to be sure. I have managed to find this thread where they are discussing mono and enlarged spleen. http://www.steadyhealth.com/Spleen_Problems_t55046.html Do you think that I might have mono?


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